Packet classification is one of the key elements of a routers to implement traffic control techniques.
As an example, let us consider an IPv6 packet such as the following one :
What are the fields of the packet that you can match if you want to implement Layer-2 classification ?
Traffic class
Ethernet source address
Next header
Destination port
TLS record type
Source port
Source IP address
Destination IP address
Hop Limit
Ethernet type
Internet protocol version
Ethernet destination address
What are the fields of the packet that you can match if you want to implement Layer-3 classification ?
What are the fields of the packet that you can match if you want to implement Layer-4 classification ?
What are the fields of the packet that you can match if you want to implement application-level (or layer 7) classification ?